Glossary

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Early awareness and alert (EAA) systems
A system that aims to identify, filter and prioritise new and emerging health technologies, or new uses of existing interventions; to assess or…

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Effectiveness
Extent to which an intervention does more good than harm when provided under the usual circumstances of health care practice. Relative effectiveness…

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Efficacy
Extent to which an intervention does more good than harm under ideal circumstances. Relative efficacy: can be defined as the extent to which an…

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Efficiency
An ability to perform well or achieve a result without wasted energy, resources, effort, time or money thus the extent to which objectives are…

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Eligibility scheme(s)
Eligibility for the reimbursement status (and reimbursement rates) of a medicine may be dependent on different criteria. In Europe, there are, in…

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Emergency
Sudden unexpected onset of illness or injury which requires the immediate care and attention of a qualified physician, and which, if not treated…

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Emergency unit
The section of a health care facility for providing rapid treatment to victims of sudden illness or trauma.

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End users of pharmaceutical
End users can be patients, consumers, or professional who directly use the pharmaceutical product on patients/consumers.

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Equitable access to medicines
Equitable access to medicines involves: a. a fair and non-discriminating access to needed medicines for all citizens; fair in the sense of being…

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Essential medicines
Essential medicines are those that satisfy the priority health care needs of the population. They are selected with due regard to public health…

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Evidence Based Medicine (EBM)
The conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients.

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Excipient
A substance, other than the active ingredient, which has been appropriately evaluated for safety and is included in a drug delivery system to: - aid…

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Ex-factory price
The price at the level of industry, charged by a pharmaceutical manufacturer; official ex-factory prices can be lowered by discounts or other…

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Extemporaneous dispensing
The manipulation by pharmacists of various medicine and chemical ingredients using traditional compounding techniques to produce suitable medicines…

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External price referencing (EPR)
The practice of using the price(s) of a medicine in one or several countries in order to derive a benchmark or reference price for the purposes of…